This would occur most prominently when Nephi quotes from Isaiah.

29:10–and likens the nations to an unlearned person trying to read a sealed book. Not only was the text revealed to him word for word, but the words themselves sometimes had meanings that he and his scribes would not have known, which occasionally led to misinterpretation. In a 2007 general conference address, Apostle Russell M. Nelson insisted. Since the purpose of the italicization of these words was to make it clear that they did not have direct counterparts in the original language but had been added by the translators, to leave them undistinguished in a scriptural text would have led many to conclude that (borrowing the words of Adam Clarke, a popular and respected Bible scholar of Joseph Smith’s day) “words have been attributed to God which he never spoke.”46 Although the [Page 66]practice of distinguishing such words is no longer considered necessary by most translators, it was formerly seen as a matter of transparency on the part of the translators.47 For nearly three centuries, Protestant Bibles had distinguished these “added” words from the rest of the text.

Larson’s idea is similar to Roberts’s in that both have Joseph Smith using a physical Bible during the dictation of the Book of Mormon. Thus, in areas where the DSS manuscripts agree with the Biblical texts that were already known, the KJV translation is used to indicate this. Therefore, it is likely that Joseph Smith is ‘the voice of him that crieth'” (p.23).

47:1, 48:14), which became the oppressor of Judah after the days of Isaiah and (3) the general language and setting of the text, which suggests a historical background commonly associated with a later period than that of Isaiah.”[20]. Latter-day Saints tend to interpret the “book” as the gold plates and the one “not learned” as Joseph Smith. The text as it stands in the KJV makes sense — the deserted land, once fruitful, will be overrun with briars and thorns.

A reader without access to the original manuscripts could then never be sure if a difference between the DSS translation and the KJV translation represented a true difference in the DSS, or simply the choice of the DSS translators to improve the KJV.

The phrase “looking for of,” although grammatically correct, is so awkward as to be seldom found in English literature except in this passage in the KJV lineage of Bibles (most other Bible versions have “expectation of”).9 It is William Tyndale’s odd word choice in translating the Greek. Joseph did not consider himself a "translator" in the academic sense. I have not spoken in secret from the beginning from the time that it was there am declared have I spoken and. Surely we are not expected to believe that the DSS translators dropped back into King James idiom and just happened to come up with a nearly identical text!

Alternatively, they may have been attempts by Joseph Smith or Oliver Cowdery to modernize the wording (in the case of “toward”) or increase internal consistency (in the case of “captive”) or correct a perceived disagreement in number (in the case of “their face”). This criticism/question is not new to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The first major revision of the KJV was the Revised Version (RV), of which the New Testament was published in 1881 and the Old Testament in 1885. Martin Harris and Oliver Cowdery reportedly asserted the same.30 An alternative idea — that Joseph Smith had the ability to memorize large portions of the Bible (including, for Larson’s explanation, the locations of the italicized words) — also lacks historical evidence. It is the baptism. It is at this point that we invoke the divine. As a result, Smith could not be another fulfillment of Elijah the Prophet.

Even though the biblical text does not have a “that” at this location, it works. exist. In making emendations to the visioned text, according to the Missing Words Hypothesis, Joseph Smith was not trying to revise the biblical text, but rather to restore words he believed had been somehow dropped. The results of the study were conclusive: there is a unique authorship style throughout the various sections of Isaiah.

A similar misunderstanding of the KJV’s italicized words had been expressed a few months earlier in the same newspaper: The book of Mormon, as a revelation from God, possesses some advantage over the old scripture: it has not been tinctured by the wisdom of man, with here and there an Italic word to supply deficiencies.26.

3 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. It would have been more difficult to supply the phrase, “their leaves so.” Although it is possible that Joseph Smith was familiar enough with this verse from his previous experiences with the Bible that he was able to recall these words from memory, it seems unlikely, since this is not a well-known passage. For more on the Ezekiel passage referened by Nelson, click here. Many scholars use narrative criticism to establish the dating of a text.

The use of the KJV as a base text for biblical passages in the Book of Mormon makes sense since it allows for any important differences to be easily seen. The Inspired Version.

Once again, such inconsistency is acceptable under the Missing Words Hypothesis, but runs counter to the expectation, under the Ancient Variants Hypothesis, that Joseph Smith would be producing a text with “superior sense and clearness.” The Italics Revision Hypothesis doesn’t point to any obvious reason for such inconsistency. When considering the presence of Isaiah in the Book of Mormon, it is also interesting to note that one Bible scholar has found that the four gospels attest to the fact that Jesus Christ and the apostles consistently quoted scripture. Rather, they are more consistent with the idea that he was making ad hoc edits as he read and dictated a text from which he believed words were missing, and from which the KJV’s italicized words had in fact been omitted by someone else. [2 And] the earth [was] formless and void; and darkness was upon the fac[e of the dee]p: and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. A few verses later (v. 20), he would have seen this text: In the same day shall the Lord shave with a razor that is hired by them beyond the river by the king of Assyria the head and the hair of the feet and it shall also consume the beard And it shall come to pass in that day a man shall nourish a young cow and two sheep. The words that Joseph saw are described in these witness accounts as appearing “in the hat” (David Whitmer’s 1881 letter) or “in the stone” (William Smith’s 1883 account) or, more specifically, on “something resembling parchment” that “would appear before Joseph” (Whitmer’s 1887 and 1879 accounts).33 None of the most authoritative accounts claim that the text appeared on the surface of a stone as if the stone were a technological device, as is sometimes assumed. [14] Although the name Jehovah is of more recent origin than the original Book of Mormon plates, it does not mean this name could not properly be used in translating a more ancient Hebrew title denoting the eternal I AM. For smoother reading, readers could supply the missing words from memory if they were familiar enough with the Bible, or by reading the quoted portions side-by-side with a Bible.45.

Question: Why are many of the quotes from Isaiah in the Book of Mormon identical to those in the King James Bible? Once again, he would have been able to tell that a word was needed before “the son of Tabeal.” “Yea” came to mind and worked well enough, so he inserted it.

Thank you!

Why did Jesus mix together Micah and Isaiah? It does not. As shown above, these two Book of Mormon chapters follow the wording of the King James Bible very closely except for minor variants that are strongly associated with the KJV’s italicized words, have no clear purpose, result on a net loss of parallelism relative to the KJV and its Hebrew source, and are often disruptive or damaging to the sense or grammar.

As a result, this text cannot be submitted as evidence for Joseph Smith fulfilling prophecy in the Bible. The Ancient Variants Hypothesis fails to provide an explanation for these variants, since they neither change nor clarify the meaning. The Book of Mormon teaches that this is one of its purposes in 2 Nephi 29; (3) If we didn't get any language from the Nephites that matched or alluded to King James Language, we would be closer to thinking that they were trying to communicate an entirely different message or teach something else entirely. The two parts of Isaiah most often claimed to have been written by different authors, chapters 1–39 and 40–66, were found to be more similar to each other in style than to any of the other eleven Old Testament books examined.[24]. 24-26 in the KJV). And I will even venture to say that if the Book of Mormon were now to be re-written, in many instances it would materially differ from the present translation.

And I will camp against thee round about, and will lay siege against thee with a mount, and I will raise forts against thee.”. Instead of translating Nephi's quotations of Isaiah word-for-word, the Lord gave the passages from Isaiah as contained in the KJV . Yet, the Book of Mormon (2 Nephi 17:18, 21, and 23) treats these three parallel statements differently, retaining the KJV’s “that” in the first, transposing it to an earlier location in the second, and dropping it altogether in the third: And it shall come to pass in that day that the Lord shall hiss (2 Nephi 17:17), And it shall come to pass that in that day that a man shall nourish (2 Nephi 17:21), And it shall come to pass in that day that every place shall be (2 Nephi 17:23). For example, while dictating the Book of Mormon’s quotation of Isaiah 2:19, he would have been looking at this text in vision: And they shall go into the holes of the rocks and into the caves of the earth for fear of the Lord and for the glory of his majesty when he ariseth to shake terribly the earth, [Page 92]If Joseph Smith interpreted “for” as meaning “because” rather than the less common “because of,” it would have seemed obvious to him that a predicate was missing after “fear of the Lord” and again after “glory of his majesty.” He supplied phrases that seemed reasonable — “shall come upon them” and “shall smite them.” He then would have needed to add “the” after the first “for” and remove the second “for” in order to make the passage read smoothly.

One of these consists of the addition of a nonessential word: the addition of “there” in 2 Nephi 16:13. Does The Joseph Smith Translation of The Bible Conflict with The Book of Mormon? Donate to us by shopping at Amazon at no extra cost to you. The Ancient Variants Hypothesis does not explain such an incomplete and awkward solution.

The remaining four variants [Page 55]that are harmful to the sense or grammar do not involve italicized words. There are 16 instances in the two sample chapters in which italicized words are left unchanged: “is” twice in 2 Nephi 16:3 “which” in 2 Nephi 16:6; “there be” in 2 Nephi 16:12; “shall be,” “is,” “their leaves so,” and “shall be” again in 2 Nephi 16: 13; “is” in 2 Nephi 17:8; “is” twice in 2 Nephi 17:9; “is it” in 2 Nephi 17:13; “that” and then “is” twice in 2 Nephi 17:18; and “men” in 2 Nephi 17:24. In other words, our current Isaiah 40-55 (or 40-66) may originate in primitive writings of 1st Isaiah, but which were reworked and reinterpreted by 2nd Isaiah.

Cases in which the Book of Mormon quotes the same biblical passage more than once can also serve as tests of the explanatory power of the three hypotheses. Perhaps the third option was the least problematic.

and who shall stand when he appeareth?

Under this hypothesis, Joseph Smith would have been making ad hoc edits in his head.92 He didn’t have the luxury of a Bible to mark up or pen and paper to carefully compose an edit that he could then compare against the unedited text.

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