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Effects of aging on human skeletal muscle after immobilization and retraining.

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273, E99–E107. Integr. (2004).

Intrinsic changes and extrinsic influences of myogenic stem cell function during aging.

Sci. B., Bellamy, L. M., McKay, B. R., Tarnopolsky, M. A., Gibala, M. J., et al. Although the mechanism(s) by which nutraceuticals impact satellite cell function, including reducing pro-apoptotic targeting of satellite cells, is likely to be complex. Exp.

Clin. Several studies report that conditions of disuse lead to an elevation in the number of nuclei that have been targeted for apoptosis both inside and outside myofibers (Allen et al., 1997; Vescovo et al., 1998, 2000; Siu and Alway, 2009; Alway et al., 2011; Hao et al., 2011). Adult quiescent satellite cells express the paired homeobox transcription factor Pax7 (Seale et al., 2000, 2004). Cells 34, 439–448. Appl. Am.

Symp. To obtain Nutritional intervention provides one therapeutic strategy to improve the satellite cell niche and systemic factors, with the goal of improving satellite cell function in aging muscles. For example, food restriction in birds post-hatch has been shown to reduce muscle mass accumulation with increased fat deposition and necrosis (Velleman et al., 2010) as a result of a decrease in satellite cell mitotic activity (Mozdziak et al., 2002; Halevy et al., 2003).

Again this could occur from a direct effect on satellite cells (e.g., epigenetic changes to satellite cells) and/or indirectly via suppressing the effects of ROS on satellite cells. Jang, Y.C., Sinha, M., Cerletti, M., Dall'Osso, C. & Wagers, A.J. doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0473, Keywords: aging, oxidative stress, apoptosis, rehabilitation, injury, disuse atrophy, Citation: Alway SE, Myers MJ and Mohamed JS (2014) Regulation of satellite cell function in sarcopenia. Satellite cells are a heterogeneous collection of adult muscle stem cells that are normally quiescent.

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20, 234–235 (2014). Nutritional influences on age-related skeletal muscle loss. It is noteworthy that increased levels of Sirt1 have been reported in satellite cells isolated from old rats, although the significance of this is not clear (Machida and Booth, 2004).

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Single-cell analysis of regulatory gene expression in quiescent and activated mouse skeletal muscle satellite cells. (2010). Catechins attenuate eccentric exercise-induced inflammation and loss of force production in muscle in senescence-accelerated mice.

Exp. Notably, important observations from Rando and colleagues using parabiotic pairs have shown that the regenerative potential of satellite cells can be improved in muscles from aged mice that share the circulation with young mice (Conboy and Rando, 2005; Conboy et al., 2005). (2011).

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves plantaris muscle recovery after disuse in aged rats. The role of systemic inflammation in age-related muscle weakness and wasting. 50 Spec No, 5–8. PLoS ONE 8:e63528.

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Thus, the mechanism of action through which HMB is responsible for enhancing muscle recovery following extended disuse in sarcopenic muscles of old rats appears to be at least in part, via increased proliferation of muscle satellite cells in fast twitch plantaris muscles of aged animals. 39, 1521–1525. Cold Spring Harb. J.v.M.

The effect of early nutrition on satellite cell dynamics in the young turkey. Stretch overload-induced satellite cell activation in slow tonic muscle from adult and aged Japanese quail. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2005.04.003, Dupont-Versteegden, E. E., Strotman, B.

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Pax7 is necessary and sufficient for the myogenic specification of CD45+:Sca1+ stem cells from injured muscle. Ageing and local growth factors in muscle.

doi:10.1002/ar.1091890204, Schmalbruch, H., and Lewis, D. M. (2000). 93, 174–186. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates functional deficits and morphological alterations by diminishing apoptotic gene overexpression in skeletal muscles after sciatic nerve crush injury.

Sarcopenia: definition, epidemiology, and pathophysiology.
Regul. Geriatr. J. Physiol. It is clear that loading types of exercise have profound effects on satellite cell function in muscles of young hosts, largely through activation of various growth factors and cytokines, resulting in increases in muscle protein synthesis, and net muscle protein accretion (Phillips et al., 1997). Comp. This review will focus on the potential impact that mediation of satellite cell function has in aging skeletal muscle. from the US National Institutes of Health (R01AR044031), the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MOP-81288), the Stem Cell Network and the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation.

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