A photograph of a model is also provided (Journey of a River 3D Model; see downloadable resources). At low tide this material a mixture of find sediment and mud is exposed. Reiterate that rivers can be divided into stages, the upper course, middle course and lower course. google_ad_height = 250; Using the photographs and labels provided in the Journey of a River plenary activity (see downloadable resources), ask pupils to become a class river. on Sketchfab. In the first photograph the river is taking a straighter course but the oxbow is not yet isolated. . The upper course of a river is often in steep, mountain areas. Establish that the photographs are of the same river, the River Severn – the UK’s longest river. T +44 (0)20 7591 3000 Upper course of a river. In the upper course the river bed is narrow and rocky.

The Upper or Mountain Course 2. Rivers with steep slopes form valleys with steep walls and a bottom. Begin the lesson by showing pupils photographs of the River Severn. How does the water change? The Upper Course:  Pupils will learn that rivers and river systems, are dynamic; changing the landscape in visible and at times dramatic ways. You may also like to use Google Earth to see if you can show pupils a meander of a river near your school. Upstream of the waterfall, the river is narrow; downstream, it widens and meanders. Please phone or email us instead.

High Force was formed where the River Tees crosses the Whin Sill - a hard layer of rock. The river erodes downwards carving the valley floor. As the land becomes flatter the river moves into its middle course. The river will be at its widest here. The river here is smaller and usually has a rapid, tumbling flow that cuts a narrow channel through rocky hills or mountains. Rivers - Long Profile What can they see? River Basins

Show pupils the photographs of the oxbow lakes in formation. The course a river takes is split into three stages, the upper, middle and lower stage. Eventually, tributaries join together, feeding into the river, increasing its width and speed as it moves downhill. Cookies on the RGS website

Plants grow in the bed of the river and at its edges. Rivers flow down to the sea and end there. The waterfall then retreats up stream (4). The land is usually high and mountainous, and the river has a steep gradient with fast-flowing water. These more resistant rocks become the capstones to waterfalls. In the upper course of a river gradients are steep and river channels are narrow. Is the water turbulent or calm? Eventually the overhang will collapse due to the erosion of the soft rock beneath it.
Vertical erosion is greatest in the upper course of a river. Erosion: This causes the wearing away of the river bank and river bed. As it moves over rocks, the water becomes turbulent and appears fast-flowing. The bed load (rocks that the river is carrying) is mainly composed of large boulders, which are rolled along the river bed. The water erodes, transports and deposits soil and other material. Rivers, and the landscape that surrounds them, have different characteristics as they move from the upper course, into the middle and lower course.

This section of a river is cold, clear and fast-flowing. Pupils should also name the five oceans. Rivers can now make extreme loops. This river has meanders with large winding bends. However, with the high tide these deposits are washed away by the sea. These photographs show the River Severn in the upper course, middle course and at the lower course – where the Severn Estuary becomes tidal and eventually flows into the Bristol Channel. Young River - the upper course. By placing a booking, you are permitting us to store and use your (and any other attendees) details in order to fulfil the booking. Examples of pupils’ work are provided (see downloadable resources). The Factsheet, to accompany this lesson also explains some of the main points in more detail.

Over time this leads to the formation of V-shaped valleys. This site uses cookies to enhance your user experience. by Internetgeog Landforms - Lower Course As the result of this typical features include steep valley sides, interlocking spurs, rapids, gorges and waterfalls. Ask pupils what they predict will happen. At this stage small meanders or bends and small flood plains can be formed. We call them the courses of a river. Rivers often meander (follow a winding path) along their middle course. Many plant and animals live in or near rivers. Vertical erosion is greatest in the upper course of a river. ... Pupils draw a diagram depicting the journey of a river. If we look into the whole length of a river we will notice that it has three definite courses: 1. The height and number of waterfalls along a stream or river depends upon the type of rocks that are being eroded by the water. The diagram above shows the formation of a waterfall. 1 Kensington Gore,

This lesson on river landscape (also called riverscape) explains to you about these courses or stages of a river and their wildlife. The Upper Course: In the mountainous course, a river passes through a steep slope. In the second photograph the oxbow has separated from the main river- you will also notice a meander to the north. google_ad_client = "pub-7990220078266560"; The number and thickness of these stronger rock units in a vertical sequence of rocks controls how many water falls there are and how much vertical drop there is on each waterfall. Erosion occurs on the outside of the meander where the water is moving at its fastest. You can also use this activity sheet as an assessment of knowledge. The Water Cycle Here, high levels of precipiation (rain and snow) combined with steep slopes and sparse vegetation result in water flowing overland. Eventually the overhang collapses. The Middle or Plain Course 3. This creates vertical erosion forming a V-shaped valley. This process of erosion means that the waterfall is slowly moving upstream, leaving a narrow, deep gorge in front of it. Processes - Transportation Waterfalls commonly form where water rushes down steep hillsides in upland areas and quickly erodes the rocks. Discharge As the valley deepens the sides become unstable and collapse. /* 250x250, created 25/02/09 */ As the limestone is eroded the whin sill is left over hanging the waterfall. Pupils need to arrange themselves from source to mouth, ensuring that the correct geographical features are depicted in order and the labels situated at correct points along the river’s course. London, SW7 2AR. In this lesson we are going to learn about the courses of a river and their wild life.

In the upper course, you might find: © Copyright 2012-2020 k8schoollessons.com. Upper Course . Valleys formed by shallower slopes may be broader and gentler. Flooding and management The Journey of a River: From the PowerPoint, show pupils the diagram of the Journey of River. Deposition: Any eroded material is finally deposited. The beginning of a river, when it flows quickly with lots of energy, is called a young river. Pupils should use an atlas to name and locate the longest rivers in each continent. Deposition occurs on the inside of a meander, where the water is moving slowly. Case Study - Ganges/Brahmaputra River Basin. Explain that a river can take on different characteristics at different points in its course. Oxbow lakes may also be formed.

Expect higher ability pupils to annotate their diagram with greater detail. The Great Floods of 2000 Be part of our community by following us on our social media accounts.

It also contains a deposition.

A River’s Course. As the river or stream wears away the weak rocks, they travel across the surface of stronger rocks. Deposition occurs at the estuary where the river deposits large amounts of material. In the upper course of a river gradients are steep and river channels are narrow. The river can erode layers of soft rock, leaving behind an over-hang of harder rock.
The photograph of the meander on the River Cuckmore and the flat land near the River Itchen illustrate this well.

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