*P < 0.05, unpaired Student’s t-test. 2016 Jan 29;11(1):e0147897.

Get the latest research from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus. 1A). n = 5–7 animals per group. 4.Effect of clodronate administration on protein expression in colon tissue. Exhaustive exercise increased the number of macrophages in the muscle; however, clodronate liposome treatment reduced this infiltration. However, there was no significant difference in NF-κB expression for phosphorylated, total, or calculated ratio between the groups. Quantities represented in arbitrary units (A.U.) Macrophage Depletion Using Clodronate Liposomes Decreases Tumorigenesis and Alters Gut Microbiota in the AOM/DSS Mouse Model of Colon Cancer Affiliations 1 Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina. B: quantitative intensity of densitometry (IOD) relative to total protein normalized to vehicle control. Regarding food intake, clodronate treatment significantly decreased consumption compared with control mice, and this was consistent with a decrease in lean mass, fat mass, and fat percentage in the DEXA body composition measurements (Fig. Although clodronate liposomes are a well-established method of macrophage depletion in the colon (41, 42, 48), we wanted to confirm successful depletion in our hands and further establish whether it was effective at depleting macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Macrophage depletion by clodronate liposome attenuates muscle injury and inflammation following exhaustive exercise. Colonic macrophage polarization in homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer. analyzed data; J.E.B., R.T.E., K.T.V., I.C., J.M.D., J.A.C., C.M.R., and E.A.M. Clodronate-liposome administration resulted in depletion of CD169 + bone marrow–resident macrophages. 1.Effects of late-stage clodronate administration on morphometric characteristics following azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment. Overall, this study suggests that clodronate treatment inhibits BMP-7 induced differentiation of monocytes into M2 macrophages and improved systolic blood velocity. These findings are consistent with a previous study from our laboratory showing that deletion of MCP-1, the most important chemokine for macrophage recruitment, results in a decrease in polyp number and size in in the ApcMin/+ mouse model of intestinal tumorigenesis. 7047) or anti-mouse (no. Monocyte differentiation directed via SMAD and ERK pathways. conceived and designed research; J.E.B., R.T.E., K.T.V., and M.S.C. It is important to note that mice from each treatment had similar starting body weights (P = 0.218), ensuring that both groups received similar doses of the carcinogen AOM (Fig. Zhao et al. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that macrophage depletion during late-stage tumorigenesis is effective at reducing tumor growth. See this image and copyright information in PMC. n = 4–9 animals per group. Sang T, Qiu W, Li W, Zhou H, Chen H, Zhou H. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med.  |  on D0 and every four days thereafter for the duration of the time point an additional booster dose of 100μL of LC (5μg/μL) was administered. Macrophage Depletion With Clodronate Increases BAL Levels of Early Proinflammatory Cytokines Before and After LC. 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Immunohistochemical staining of carotid arteries was performed to determine BMP-7's effect on pro-inflammatory M1 inducible nitric oxide synthase and anti-inflammatory M2 (cluster of differentiation [CD]206, Arginase-1) macrophages, and monocytes ( CD14). Atherosclerosis was developed in ApoE KO mice, and these animals were treated with intravenous injections of BMP-7 and/or liposomal clodronate (LC). R01 HL117241/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States, NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Despite the reduction in the macrophage cell marker F4/80 and macrophage chemoattractant, we were not able to characterize this decrease as M1 or M2 phenotype specific, as no statistically significant differences were found for NOS2 or Arg 1, M1, and M2 markers (P = 0.643 and P = 0.389). B: symptom score (body weight loss + blood in stool + diarrhea). Body composition was assessed before AOM injection and before euthanasia (week 12) via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA; Lunar PIXImus), as previously described (9). See this image and copyright information in PMC. Shoulders H (1), Garner KH (1), Singla DK (2). The dashed line represents the initiation of clodronate treatment in week 6.5 and twice weekly intraperitoneal injections for the duration of the study. Quantities represented in arbitrary units (A.U.) Fig.

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