[32] This decision brought him considerable criticism and opposition from many Saudi citizens, who objected to the presence of foreign troops on Saudi soil;[33] this was a casus belli against the Saudi royal family prominently cited by Osama bin Laden and Al Qaeda. Unfortunately in 1995 the aged King suffered a stroke plunging the royal family into a crisis—albeit one that went on behind closed doors. Arab and Muslim dignitaries who attended the funeral were not present at the burial.

Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In 1982 he succeeded Khalid as king. The council was planned to function as an ombudsman of Islamic activity concerning educational, economic and foreign policy matters. And deteriorating health did not keep him from enjoying his vast personal wealth: he had counted among his residences 12 palaces. In November 2003, according to government media, King Fahd was quoted as saying to "strike with an iron fist" at terrorists after deadly bombings in Saudi Arabia, although he could hardly utter a word because of his deteriorating health. As crown prince and as an active administrator, he had been virtual ruler during the … [23] King Fahd was also a strong supporter of the Palestinian cause and an opponent of the State of Israel. However, King Fahd’s Western sympathies and lavish lifestyle were deemed inappropriate by many Muslim clerics. The impending announcement of the PIF’s takeover of Newcastle United was delayed from the... King Salman sacks top officials for corruption, King Salman and MBS strengthen nuclear capabilities through Chinese partnership, King Salman admitted to hospital for checks, Saudi Royals push to extend arms embargo on Iran, Saudi Royal Family impose ban on pilgrims travelling from outside the Kingdom for Hajj, Saudi Royal Family consider cancelling hajj due to Covid-19 pandemic, Saudi Royals close 71 mosques over Covid-19 spike, Saudi Royals stand strong against foreign pressure to release jailed Prince, Saudi Royal Family to reduce arms spending for 2020/21, Saudi Arabia has one of the lowest Covid-19 death rates, Prince Alwaleed bin Talal launches bid for Olympique de Marseille football club, Saudi Royal Family takeover of Newcastle United delays explained. [40], In a speech to an Islamic conference on 30 August 2003, King Fahd condemned terrorism and exhorted Muslim clerics to emphasize peace, security, cooperation, justice, and tolerance in their sermons. After Faisal’s assassination, Khalid became king but left much of the country’s administration to Fahd, whom he named crown prince. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. King Fahd’s early education took place at the prestigious Princes’ School in Riyadh, a school established by Ibn Saud specifically for members of the Royal House. [15][27] In addition, he led the Arab world against the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq. At the same time, some of the minor personal freedoms that had been allowed in the years following the Gulf War were rescinded, the kingdom’s economic picture was became heavily debt-ridden. [7] While at the Princes' School, Fahd studied under tutors including Sheikh Abdul-Ghani Khayat. This page was last modified on 12 January 2016, at 11:17. Mohammed bin Turki bin Suleiman Al Sudairi, 10. One of the covert purposes of the council was thought to be to reduce the power of the Ulemas Council had been increasing its power. [8] Then he went on to receive education at the Religious Knowledge Institute in Mecca. Court-educated in religion, chivalry, and politics, Fahd was named minister of education in 1953 and established a system of public elementary and secondary education. Government offices remained closed for the rest of the week. In accordance with regulations and social traditions, Saudi Arabia declared a national mourning period of three days during which all offices were closed. In his visits to London he reportedly lost millions of dollars in the casinos and was even known to circumvent the curfew imposed by British gaming laws by hiring his own blackjack and roulette dealers to continue gambling through the night in his hotel suite.[46]. [17], Appointment of Prince Fahd as both crown prince and first deputy prime minister made him a much more powerful figure in contrast to the status of King Khalid when he had been crown prince during King Faisal's reign. [9] In 1953, Fahd led his first official state visit, attending the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on behalf of the House of Saud. Upon graduating from his studies Fahd took an active role in the polictical life of his country, and in 1945 on his a state visit to New York City to attend the opening session of the General Assembly of the United Nations. [11] On this trip he served under his brother, Prince Faisal, who was at the time Saudi Arabia's foreign minister.

Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, (Arabic: فهد بن عبد العزيز السعود‎‎ Fahd ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd) (16 March 1921 – 1 August 2005) was the King of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005. Fahd of Saudi Arabia, in full Fahd ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Āl Saʿūd, (born 1923, Riyadh, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]—died August 1, 2005, Riyadh), king of Saudi Arabia from 1982 to 2005. [34] The contract has cost the Saudi treasury more than $90 billion. Fahd was the first son of Hassa Sudairi after her remarriage to the founder of the kingdom, Ibn Saud. King Fahd watched his father found the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at the historic signing of the “Treaty of Jedda”. He visited the ports of the French Riviera, in his 147-metre (482 ft) yacht, the $100 million Abdul Aziz. Fahd maintained Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy of close cooperation with the United States and…, …stroke of his half-brother King Fahd (reigned 1982–2005).…. [29], He took steps to support the conservative Saudi religious establishment, including spending millions of dollars on religious education,[30] strengthened separation of the sexes and power of the religious police, publicly endorsed Sheikh Abd al-Aziz ibn Baz's warning to young Saudis to avoid the path of evil by not to travel to Europe and the United States. By the early 1990s aging Fahd was in poor health. Less than two months later Fahd returned to power, though Abdullah continued to handle the day-to-day affairs of the country. One of his yachts was accompanied by a warship carrying anti-aircraft missiles as a defence. Following his education at the Princes’ School, Fahd moved on to the Religious Knowledge Institute in Mecca where he studied Wahhabi Islam. ", "King Fahd; Saudi Arabian ruler's reign was turbulent", Saudi Arabia's King Fahd Dies; Abdullah Named New Leader, "To Saudis, King Fahd falls short of ideal", "Al Anoud bint Abdulaziz; King Fahd's Wife", "Family Tree of Muhammad bin Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud", "Saudi King Hospitalized; Condition Is Called Serious", "Sultan will have simple burial at Al Oud cemetery", "Global terrorism The Pakistan-Saudi Arabia nexus", "British honours and orders of Chivalry held by overseas heads of state", International editorial reaction to Fahd's death, https://infogalactic.com/w/index.php?title=Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia&oldid=196619, Commons category link is defined as the pagename, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, About Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core, 17. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Fahd’s body was carried to Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque, and funeral prayers were held at around 3:30pm local time (12:30 GMT) on 2 August. A lively and informative new podcast for kids that the whole family will enjoy! Fahd suffered a debilitating stroke in 1995, after which he was unable to continue performing his full official duties. [10] In 1945, Prince Fahd traveled on his first state visit to San Francisco for the signing of the UN charter. [21] He adopted the title "Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques" in 1986, replacing "His Majesty", to signify an Islamic rather than secular authority. In an attempt to deflect criticism, Fahd decreed a new constitution in 1992, and the following year the nation’s first national council was seated. Fahd suffered a stroke in 1995 and on January 1, 1996, handed over control of the government to his half brother Crown Prince Abdullah. Later that year, Fahd led his first official state visit, attending the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.

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