Another way the bandwagon effect influences our lives is through politics. States all vote at different times, spread over some months, rather than all on one day. 5 States May Use Half Of GOP [Supplemental Material].

Such cues can take many forms, from pictures of large crowds at a speech that you gave, to positive ratings on a movie poster, to blurbs from influential people on a book cover. In microeconomics, bandwagon effect describes interactions of demand and preference. Furthermore, it’s important to note that the bandwagon effect plays a central role in various related psychological phenomena. As Taylor's campaign became more successful, more politicians strove for a seat on the bandwagon, hoping to be associated with the success. There are other techniques that you can also use, and to learn more about them and about how you can implement them, you should read this comprehensive guide to debiasing.

Doctors often want to accept the use of the new treatment, because it offers a compelling solution to a difficult problem. Bandwagon effect n. [Oxford Dictionary of Psychology] An accelerating diffusion through a population of a pattern of behavior, where the probability of any individual adopting it increases w/ the proportion who have already done so. As such, in the following article you will learn more about the bandwagon effect, understand why people experience it, and see what you can do in order to account for its influence. As such, when it comes to accounting for the bandwagon effect, you should not avoid social cues entirely. However, this small proportion might still be enough in order to have a significant impact on the situation, and the fact that the bandwagon effect plays a role in so many contexts and affects even highly-trained professionals means that it’s an important cognitive bias to be aware of.

In the 2008 presidential primaries two states had all or some of their delegates banned from the convention by the central party organizations for going too early.[5][6].

Such a shift in opinion can occur because individuals draw inferences from the decisions of others, as in an informational cascade. In all of these fields, what happens is that a new concept gains a small following, and once this following grows to a sufficient size, a large-scale bandwagon effect begins, which causes more people to support this concept, in increasingly large numbers. For example, social pressure has been used to explain Asch's conformity experiments,[2] and information has been used to explain Sherif's autokinetic experiment. ", McAllister, Ian, and Donley T. Studlar. This difference has led to research on how the behavior of voters in western United States is influenced by news about the decisions of voters in other time zones. Because of this, other states often try front loading (going as early as possible) to make their say as influential as they can. Such a shift in opinion can occur because individuals draw inferences from the decisions of others, as in an informational cascade . Such a shift in opinion can occur because individuals draw inferences from the decisions of others, as in an informational cascade.

After 2002, when voting in these territories took place before mainland France, this bandwagon voting disappeared. The bandwagon effect is one of several hypothesized manifestations of “impersonal influence”—effects on individuals' attitudes, ... At elections, bandwagon effects have been found to occur typically under conditions of weak political involvement on the part of voters, both with regard to partisanship and general political awareness. During the 1992 U.S. presidential election, Vicki G. Morwitz and Carol Pluzinski conducted a study, which was published in The Journal of Consumer Research (1996). [25] Consequently, sales of point guard Stephen Curry's jersey skyrocketed. You can use various debiasing techniques in order to avoid falling for the bandwagon effect, such as considering alternative options that are not supported by the majority or waiting until you’re alone before choosing, which will allow you to make decisions in a less biased manner. People vote for candidates that are more likely to win. One paper on the topic, titled “The Bandwagons of Medicine“, describes some of the factors which can lead a problematic new medical concept or treatment to gain momentum and become mainstream: This demonstrates how a new concept, which is originally promoted by only a single advocate or a small group of advocates, can quickly grow and become widely popular, even when lacking sufficient supporting evidence. [23] The ancient serpent cult of Aesculapius, in which sacred snakes licked the afflicted as treatment of their diseases, is an example of a bandwagon gathering momentum based on a strong personality, in this case a Roman god. Last edited on 6 September 2020, at 23:41, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "A Theory of Fads, Fashion, Custom, and Cultural Change as Informational Cascades", "Beware of the bandwagon effect, other cognitive biases", https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2007-10-22-gop-delegates_N.htm, "Florida Democrats Stripped of Convention Delegates Due to Early Primary", "Exit polls, turnout, and bandwagon voting: Evidence from a natural experiment", "Some Anomalies Arising from Bandwagons that Impart Upward Sloping Segments to Market Demand", "NBA Preseason Season Conference Standings - National Basketball Association", "Steph Curry Jersey Sales Up Nearly 600% Over Last Year", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bandwagon_effect&oldid=977103732, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 6 September 2020, at 23:41. [14] Independents, which are those who do not vote based on the endorsement of any party and are ultimately neutral, were influenced strongly in favor of the person expected to win. [17] Thus, as poll results are repeatedly reported, the bandwagon effect will tend to snowball and become a powerful aid to leading candidates. From the results, it was also found that when the Democrat was expected to win, independent Republicans and weak Republicans were more likely to vote for the Democratic candidate (Goidel and Shields 808). At a large northeastern university, some of 214 volunteer business students were given the results of student and national polls indicating that Bill Clinton was in the lead.

Independents, which are those who do not vote based on the endorsement of any party and are ultimately neutral, were influenced strongly in favor of the person expected to win (Goidel and Shields 807-808). Because of time zones, election results are broadcast in the eastern parts of the United States while polls are still open in the west. The Bandwagon effect has been applied to situations involving majority opinion, such as political outcomes, where people alter their opinions to the majority view (McAllister and Studlar 721). There are various areas of life where the bandwagon effect can influence people: Overall, these examples demonstrate how the bandwagon effect can influence people’s thinking and decision-making in a wide range of situations. Morwitz, Vicki G., and Carol Pluzinski.

The authors observed a bandwagon effect: when voters from Western territories could observe the winner in mainland France, this candidate was doing much better locally.

This difference has led to research on how the behavior of voters in western United States are influenced by news about the decisions of voters in other time zones. Later, during the time of William Jennings Bryan's 1900 presidential campaign, bandwagons had become standard in campaigns,[8] and the phrase "jump on the bandwagon" was used as a derogatory term, implying that people were associating themselves with success without considering that with which they associated themselves. Curry merchandise sales in the first two weeks of the 2015–2016 season were 453% higher than in the first two weeks of the 2014–2015 season, including a 581% increase in sales of his jersey; his merchandise was a top-seller in 38 of the 50 U.S. states, and the Warriors' merchandise became the best-selling of any NBA team. Sixty-eight percent of voters had heard of the general election campaign results of the opinion poll in 1979. In particular, assuming that one candidate "is an initial favorite by a slim margin, reports of polls showing that candidate as the leader in the race will increase his or her favorable margin" (Mehrabian, 1998, p. 2128).

The Bandwagon effect, also known as social proof or "cromo effect" and closely related to opportunism, is the observation that people often do and believe things because many other people do and believe the same things. 11 Apr. In the 1994 study of Robert K. Goidel and Todd G. Shields in The Journal of Politics, 180 students at the University of Kentucky were randomly assigned to nine groups and were asked questions about the same set of election scenarios. Additionally, British polls have shown an increase to public exposure. Essentially, if you want to take advantage of the bandwagon effect, you can do so in an effective manner by figuring out the answers to the following questions: Of course, there’s no need to reinvent the wheel when it comes to doing this. The bandwagon effect occurs in voting: some people vote for those candidates or parties who are likely to succeed (or are proclaimed as such by the media), hoping to be on the “winner’s side” in the end. For example, here are some things that you can do in order to reduce the degree to which you are influenced by the bandwagon effect: While these techniques can all help you minimize the social influence that you experience while making a decision, when you account for the bandwagon effect you should also remember that social cues aren’t necessarily bad. The general rule is that conduct or beliefs spread among people, as fads clearly do, with "the probability of any individual adopting it increasing with the proportion who have already done so". In studies of this tendency, people generally followed along with what others are doing. The bandwagon effect occurs in voting: some people vote for those candidates or parties who are likely to succeed (or are proclaimed as such by the media), hoping to be on the "winner's side" in the end. [7] The bandwagon effect arises when people's preference for a commodity increases as the number of people buying it increases. Such informational effects have been used to explain political bandwagons.[6]. Both explanations have been used for evidence of conformity in psychological experiments. Furthermore, there are other factors that lead people to experience the bandwagon effect, beyond the use of social cues as a mental heuristic. In general, the bandwagon effect means that the more people believe a certain concept or engage in a certain behavior, the more likely other people are to follow in their footsteps and do the same. It is also said to be important in the American Presidential Primary elections. [3], According to this concept, the increasing popularity of a product or phenomenon encourages more people to "get on the bandwagon", too. Journal of Consumer Research os 23 (1996): 53-65. The tendency to follow the actions or beliefs of others can occur because individuals directly prefer to conform, or because individuals derive information from others.

People experience the bandwagon effect for several reasons, including their overreliance on social cues when deciding how to think or act, as well as their desire to conform with other group members.

"Do Polls Reflect Opinions or Do Opinions Reflect Polls?" [4], When individuals make rational choices based on the information they receive from others, economists have proposed that information cascades can quickly form in which people decide to ignore their personal information signals and follow the behavior of others. This means that you don’t want to avoid social cues entirely, and that you can certainly use them as one factor to consider when you’re weighing your options before making a decision.

It’s important to remember that the bandwagon effect relies primarily on the idea of social proof, and on people’s desire to conform, which increases as more people adopt a certain practice. The bandwagon effect is the reason for the bandwagon fallacy's success.

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