Copyright 2018 | The Battle of Franklin Trust, 1345 Eastern Flank Circle, Franklin, TN, 37064, United States. [8], Although Sherman was planning to march east to seize the city of Savannah, Georgia (the campaign that would be known as Sherman's March to the Sea) he was concerned about his lines of communications back to Chattanooga.

130-36; Connelly, pp. [57], Forrest's combined command attacked Murfreesboro but was repulsed. On October 29 and October 30, his artillery fire caused the capture of three steamers and two gunboats. 590-94. Welcher, p. 583; Esposito, maps 148, 149. Please check the URL and try again. Jacobson, pp. The following day, Hood launched a series of futile frontal assaults against Schofield's field fortifications in the Battle of Franklin, suffering heavy casualties; Schofield withdrew his force and successfully linked up with Thomas in Nashville, Tennessee. 29-30; Sword, pp. The 700 Union men under Col. Clark R. Weaver refused Hood's ultimatum to surrender, which warned that no prisoners would be taken. By the time Cheatham and Brown were able to speak, the battlefield was in total darkness, and the two officers decided that an assault conducted then without knowing the condition of their right flank might be a disaster. They hoped that Sherman would follow and that Hood would be able to maneuver Sherman into a decisive battle on terrain favorable to the Confederates. However, Hood was able to regroup his men toward nightfall in preparation for the battle the next day. To bolster Thomas's effort, Sherman ordered the IV Corps under Stanley to Chattanooga and the XXIII Corps under Schofield to Nashville, as well as Maj. Gen. Andrew J. Smith's XVI Corps from Missouri to Nashville.

331-44; Niven, pp. 46-49; Jacobson, pp. Sword, p. 84, states that the best horses were reserved by Sherman for his March to the Sea. Gen. John Adams attempted to rally his brigade by galloping his horse directly onto the earthworks, but he and his horse were both shot and killed. 588-89; Nevin, p. 89. . [60], Thomas finally came out of his fortifications on December 15 to start a two-phase attack on the Confederates. On October 21, Hood's plan received the reluctant approval of Gen. Beauregard, who was concerned about the daunting logistical challenges of an invasion. Donate today to preserve battlefields in America and protect the legacy of our nation’s defining conflicts.

586-87; Kennedy, p. 392. The main attack would be on the enemy's left, by Smith, Wood, and Brig. Some popular histories assert that Hood acted rashly in a fit of rage, resentful that the Federal army had slipped past his troops the night before at Spring Hill and that he wanted to discipline his army by ordering them to assault against strong odds. Battlefield in front of Franklin, Tenn. where the United States forces, consisting of the 4th & 23rd Corps and the Cavalry Corps M.D.M., all under the command of Maj. Gen'l. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. Lane, and Joseph Conrad in front. The cavalrymen, low on ammunition, pulled out of the line and moved north to be ready to cover a further advance of Hood's army, or to block Schofield's withdrawal. During this operation, on October 13, Stewart captured the Federal garrison at Dalton, Georgia, under ugly circumstances. They destroyed railroad track, blockhouses, and some homes and generally disrupted Union operations in the area, but they did not accomplish much else. He hopes soon to have his hand upon Sherman's line of communications, and to fix it where he can hold it. 776-77; McPherson, pp. Historians Thomas L. Connelly, Eric Jacobson, and Wiley Sword have each assigned blame to both Hood and Cheatham. The aggressive Forrest had a slight advantage over his Union cavalry opponents, commanded by Maj. Gen. James H. Wilson. Hood's plan was to consolidate at Mount Pleasant and from there move to the east to cut off Schofield before he could reach Columbia and the Duck River. 197-203; Welcher, pp.

Hood believed that Cheatham was most responsible. 196-97; Welcher, pp. 205-07; Niven, pp. Divisions of the American Battlefield Trust: The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Firing continued around the Carter house and gardens for hours.

152-55; Connelly, p. 500; Nevin, pp. Help save a crucial 22-acre tract on the battlefield where 14 African American soldiers earned the highest military honor in the land. Sword, pp. 95-96; McPherson, p. 185; Eicher, p. 771. On October 12, Hood demanded the surrender of the Union brigade stationed at Resaca and left Lt. Gen. Stephen D. Lee's corps there to invest the city. Scale ca. Neither Bate nor Hood bothered to inform Cheatham of this change in orders. The Confederates bombarded the lines with artillery and a number of skirmishes occurred, but it became apparent to the Union defenders that only a single infantry division with some dismounted cavalry were participating in the attacks and that Hood was merely demonstrating, intending to cross the Duck River either upstream or downstream and cut off the Union force from Thomas, who was assembling the remainder of his force in Nashville. [56] The Union wounded were left behind in Franklin. 53, 55; Welcher, p. 586; McPherson, p. 180. Kennedy, p. 397; Sword, p. 312; Welcher, p. 602; Eicher, p. 776; Esposito, map 153. On the same day, Thomas directed Schofield to begin preparations for a withdrawal north to Franklin.

203-05; Welcher, pp. The main attack wheeled left to a line parallel to the Hillsboro Pike. 188-89, and Niven, pp. 105-15; Sword, pp. After a brief attempt to pursue Hood, Sherman returned to Atlanta and began his March to the Sea, leaving Union forces under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas to deal with Hood's threat. On September 21, Hood moved his forces to Palmetto, Georgia, where on September 25, he was visited by Confederate President Jefferson Davis.

Johnson and his white officers were paroled the following day, but some of his black soldiers were returned to slavery. Gen. Edward Hatch to move south from his position on the Brentwood Turnpike and attack Forrest from the front. The formidable Army of Tennessee, the second largest Confederate force, was effectively destroyed as a fighting force. Undine was abandoned and set on fire, which caused her ammunition magazine to explode, ending Forrest's brief career as a naval commander. content you are seeking by clicking here. 30-32.

McPherson, p. 183; Connelly, p. 496; Jacobson, pp. Hood, concluding that he could not afford the casualties that would ensue from a full-scale assault, withdrew his army.

Preliminary manuscript map is listed at entry no. Jacob Cox, a division commander temporarily commanding the XXIII Corps, immediately began preparing strong defensive positions around the deteriorated entrenchments originally constructed for a previous engagement in 1863. Wills, pp. J. M. Schofield, severely repulsed the Confederate army, commanded by Lt. Gen'l Hood, November 30th 1864 Published by authority of the Hon.

[19], From Resaca, Hood withdrew on a six-day march to the west toward Gadsden, Alabama, reaching it on October 20. Union losses were reported as only 189 killed, 1,033 wounded, and 1,104 missing. Connelly, pp. [35], On November 29 Hood sent Cheatham's and Stewart's corps on a flanking march north, crossing the Duck River at Davis's Ford east of Columbia while two divisions of Lee's corps and most of the army's artillery remained on the southern bank to deceive Schofield into thinking a general assault was planned against Columbia. Wood took this opportunity to renew his attack on Lee on Overton's Hill, and this time the momentum was overwhelming.

On November 2, Forrest's flotilla was challenged by two Union gunboats, Key West and Tawah, and Venus was run aground and captured.

Battlefield in front of Franklin, Tenn. where the United States forces, consisting of the 4th & 23rd Corps and the Cavalry Corps M.D.M., all under the command of Maj. Gen'l. Welcher, p. 584; Kennedy, p. 391; Sword, p. 56; Eicher, p. 738. On the left, Wilson's dismounted cavalry was exerting pressure on the line. Sword, pp. We couldn't find the page you were looking for. All three of the Union gunboats were disabled or destroyed. Hood's attacking force, about 19–20,000 men, was arguably understrength for the mission he assigned—traversing two miles of open ground with only two batteries of artillery support and then assaulting prepared fortifications. Buy battle of franklin framed prints from our community of independent artists and iconic brands. Col. Emerson Opdycke considered Wagner's order to be ridiculous and refused to obey it; he marched his brigade through the Union line and into a reserve position behind the gap through which the Columbia Pike passed, leaving the brigades of Cols. Official Records of the War of the Rebellion 45, pt.1, 550, 752, 768.

The Battle of Franklin Trust is a 501(c)(3) organization. Just behind the center of the formidable line stood the Carter House, appropriated as Cox's headquarters. Welcher, pp. Brig. John Q. The brigade of Brig. His eye is now fixed upon a point far beyond that where he was assailed by the enemy. Gen. John M. Corse, who took command of both brigades. The rest of Lee's corps remained south of Columbia, demonstrating with artillery fire against Schofield's men north of the Duck. More than 150 years later the stories of both despair and heroism have been carefully preserved and shared daily with visitors from all over the world. Current unpublished research by Carter House historian David Fraley has identified Union killed at Franklin to be in excess of 600 and perhaps as many as 800.

[66], The Union army set off in pursuit of Hood from Nashville. Under heavy pressure, it seemed inevitable that the Federals would be forced to surrender, but by noon French received a false report from his cavalry that a strong Union force was approaching from Acworth, so he reluctantly withdrew at 2 p.m. Allatoona was a relatively small, but bloody battle with high percentages of casualties. The Union cavalry under Wilson had been unable to put enough force on the turnpike to hamper the Confederate movement, since many of its troopers were participating as dismounted infantry in the assault. [65] The Battle of Nashville was one of the most stunning victories achieved by the Union Army in the war. 738-39; Nevin, p. 29.

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